@article{oai:keisen.repo.nii.ac.jp:00000433,
 author = {坂井, 誠 and サカイ, マコト and SAKAI, Makoto},
 journal = {恵泉女学園大学人文学部紀要, Keisen University Bulletin},
 month = {Jan},
 note = {P(論文), This report studies the aspects of welfare reform which have been brought into being with PRWORA (the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996) in the United States. A review of what has occurred after reform suggests there remains something to be desired. First, the tax system, especially EITC (Earned Income Tax Credit) for the low-income working class, should be reviewed with an eye to correcting irrationalities in the current system that weaken the incentive to climb up the economic ladder. Second, the value of TANF (Temporary Assistance to Needy Families) should be sustained so that the time limit for TANF may work as an effective incentive to shift from welfare to work. Third, adequate public support in such areas as child care, transportation and health care should be provided in order to eliminate barriers to employment. Moreover, they need to be supplied not only to former welfare recipients but also to other low- income workers without welfare. However, the outlook may not be bright for either of these demographic groups. The huge wave crossing over from welfare to work will affect the low-skilled, low-wage labor markets, thereby creating increasing competition among these unfortunates and downward pressure on their wages. Welfare reform, which was intended to revive the American dream, should at least offer sufficient support for people to help themselves, so that they can recover their self- confidence and escape from poverty.},
 pages = {15--42},
 title = {アメリカにおける福祉改革の意義と課題},
 volume = {13},
 year = {2001}
}